Recent findings challenge the traditional view that knowledge must be strictly derived from logic, objective deduction, or empirical data. Narratives are proven to be a foundational way humans organize, evaluate, and understand the world. Our study shows that this view, while new in Western thought, has precedents in Persian philosophy. We conduct a comparative analysis of theories of imagination and storytelling in the ideas of two prominent philosophers from these distinct traditions: Farabi and Sartre. Instead of cherry-picking a Western thinker that could be an easy fit for our argument, we chose a Nobelist storyteller. We argue that although both thinkers regard imaginative storytelling as constructive, they explain its function within opposite frameworks. For Farabi, imagination is a bridge between the sensible and the intelligible realms. Stories make high philosophical reality accessible to the general public. In contrast, Sartre sees imagination as a mechanism for escaping reality and confronting nothingness. For Sartre, imaginative consciousness reveals our fundamental freedom by positing objective reality as absent or non-existent. Farabi believes stories serve a cognitive purpose, fostering social cohesion and moral education. Sartre focuses on their irreal aspects, considering imagination a sphere for expressing individual freedom and liberation from the determinism of reality.
Nuri,A and Maftouni,N . (2026). Fiction: Friend or Foe of Reality? A Comparative Study of Storytelling in Farabi and Sartre. (e245202). History of Islamic Philosophy, (), e245202 doi: 10.22034/hpi.2026.581161.1204
MLA
Nuri,A , and Maftouni,N . "Fiction: Friend or Foe of Reality? A Comparative Study of Storytelling in Farabi and Sartre" .e245202 , History of Islamic Philosophy, , , 2026, e245202. doi: 10.22034/hpi.2026.581161.1204
HARVARD
Nuri A, Maftouni N. (2026). 'Fiction: Friend or Foe of Reality? A Comparative Study of Storytelling in Farabi and Sartre', History of Islamic Philosophy, (), e245202. doi: 10.22034/hpi.2026.581161.1204
CHICAGO
A Nuri and N Maftouni, "Fiction: Friend or Foe of Reality? A Comparative Study of Storytelling in Farabi and Sartre," History of Islamic Philosophy, (2026): e245202, doi: 10.22034/hpi.2026.581161.1204
VANCOUVER
Nuri A, Maftouni N. Fiction: Friend or Foe of Reality? A Comparative Study of Storytelling in Farabi and Sartre. Hist. Islamic Philos.. 2026;():e245202 (In Persian). doi: 10.22034/hpi.2026.581161.1204