History of Islamic Philosophy

History of Islamic Philosophy

Fiction: Friend or Foe of Reality? A Comparative Study of Storytelling in Farabi and Sartre

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 PhD Candidate, Yale University
2 Full Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Recent findings challenge the traditional view that knowledge must be strictly derived from logic, objective deduction, or empirical data. Narratives are proven to be a foundational way humans organize, evaluate, and understand the world. Our study shows that this view, while new in Western thought, has precedents in Persian philosophy. We conduct a comparative analysis of theories of imagination and storytelling in the ideas of two prominent philosophers from these distinct traditions: Farabi and Sartre. Instead of cherry-picking a Western thinker that could be an easy fit for our argument, we chose a Nobelist storyteller. We argue that although both thinkers regard imaginative storytelling as constructive, they explain its function within opposite frameworks. For Farabi, imagination is a bridge between the sensible and the intelligible realms. Stories make high philosophical reality accessible to the general public. In contrast, Sartre sees imagination as a mechanism for escaping reality and confronting nothingness. For Sartre, imaginative consciousness reveals our fundamental freedom by positing objective reality as absent or non-existent. Farabi believes stories serve a cognitive purpose, fostering social cohesion and moral education. Sartre focuses on their irreal aspects, considering imagination a sphere for expressing individual freedom and liberation from the determinism of reality.
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Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 09 June 2026

  • Receive Date 10 May 2026
  • Revise Date 09 June 2026
  • Accept Date 09 June 2026