History of Islamic Philosophy

History of Islamic Philosophy

Examining Mulla Sadra's anthropological basis based on the hadith of the soldiers of wisdom and ignorance and its impact on achieving peace

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Naeimeh Hamissi 1
Ali Fazli 2
Mohammad Keivanfar 3
1 PhD Student in Islamic Philosophy and Theology at the University of Religions and Denominations,, Qom,, Iran
2 Associate Professor Department of Mysticism, Research Institute for Islamic Culture and Thought, Qom, Iran,
3 Faculty Member of University of Religions and Denominations.
10.22034/hpi.2026.573084.1197
Abstract
Given the social nature of human beings, alongside their innate self-love and inherent inclination toward self-interest, the issue of peace and war has consistently occupied a central position within philosophical schools of thought. This study, employing a descriptive-analytical method and focusing on the thought of Mulla Ṣadrā, explores the question of whether, based on his conception of knowledge as a fundamental dimension of human existence, it is possible to formulate a theory for the realization of commendable peace. Commendable peace is defined as a peace grounded in justice, dignity, and collective well-being, in contrast to blameworthy peace or war, which rests upon oppression, humiliation, and material greed. The findings indicate that, from Mulla Ṣadrā’s perspective, when reason prevails over animalistic faculties and ignorance, the human tendency toward sensuality and self-interest becomes moderated. This rational governance cultivates virtues within the soul, guiding the individual first toward inner peace and subsequently toward wise external peace—a justice-oriented peace that ensures both bodily and spiritual security while aiming at the common good. Therefore, Ṣadrā’s epistemology possesses the capacity to establish a commendable and sustainable peace.
Keywords
'
Peace'
Mulla Sadra'
active intellect'
perfect man'
, '
Hadith of the soldiers of intellect and ignorance'
Subjects
Quran.
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History of Islamic Philosophy
Volume 5, Issue 19
Autumn 2026
Pages 105-128

  • Receive Date 31 January 2026
  • Revise Date 23 July 2026
  • Accept Date 23 July 2026